Constructing layered structure amidine-based pentazolate salts with low sensitivity

Abstract

Cyclo-pentazolate salt is a typical representative of nitrogen-rich energetic materials, and its structure and safety have been the subject of intensive studies. Herein, a series of amidine-based pentazolate salts were synthesized and their structures were confirmed using X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The crystal stacking and SEM image substantiated a layered structure. Mechanical sensitivity tests show that all the prepared salts are almost very insensitive (IS > 40 J, FS > 360 N). Moreover, the acceptable detonation performances and thermal stabilities of salts were evaluated both theoretically and experimentally. The results are of great significance in balancing high-energy structure and safety for pentazole-based materials.