Issue 18, 2024

Procyanidin B1 and p-coumaric acid from whole highland barley ameliorated HFD-induced impaired glucose tolerance via small intestinal barrier and hepatic glucose metabolism

Abstract

Highland barley is a natural source for the development of phenolic compounds that exhibit potential in preventing type 2 diabetes, which is important for the agricultural and industrial utilization of highland barley. However, very few studies have focused on their effect on small intestinal absorption and barrier dysfunction, as well as the direct target for the modulation of hepatic glucose metabolism. In this study, procyanidin B1 (PB) and p-coumaric acid (CA) isolated from highland barley supplementation in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) mice significantly increased lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH), sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1), UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1A (UGT1A) families and sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) expression in the small intestine of IGT mice, indicating beneficial effects on polyphenol deglycosylation and transportation. Supplementation with PB and CA also exhibited attenuation of small intestinal barrier dysfunction by improving the mucus layer and tight junctions, which was closely related to the transportation of phenolic compounds. In addition, PB and CA supplementation were explored directly to bind to the insulin receptor and activate the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, thereby modulating hepatic glucose metabolism and ameliorating hyperglycemic in IGT mice. These results offer crucial insights into the potential development of PB and CA as non-food nutraceuticals, as well as the extensive utilization of highland barley as an industrial crop.

Graphical abstract: Procyanidin B1 and p-coumaric acid from whole highland barley ameliorated HFD-induced impaired glucose tolerance via small intestinal barrier and hepatic glucose metabolism

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Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
14 Jun 2024
Accepted
18 Jul 2024
First published
08 Aug 2024

Food Funct., 2024,15, 9272-9283

Procyanidin B1 and p-coumaric acid from whole highland barley ameliorated HFD-induced impaired glucose tolerance via small intestinal barrier and hepatic glucose metabolism

Z. Liu, Y. Yang, Y. Xu, Z. Zhang, R. Tang, J. Liu, H. Jiang and R. Zhao, Food Funct., 2024, 15, 9272 DOI: 10.1039/D4FO02805H

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