Issue 7, 2024

Preparation of a cyclotriphosphazene microsphere bearing a phosphaphenanthrene structure towards fire-safety and mechanical enhancement for epoxy and its aramid fiber composite

Abstract

The mismatch of flame retardancy and mechanical properties is still a challenge for developing high-performance epoxy resin (EP) and its aramid fiber (AF) composite. In this study, a multifunctional cyclotriphosphazene microsphere EHP modified by a phosphaphenanthrene structure was prepared to solve the issue by taking advantage of multiple flame-retardant actions and interfacial interaction. After introducing EHP into epoxy resin, the thermoset exhibited good thermal stability, excellent flame retardancy and enhanced mechanical properties. Especially for sample EP/3%EHP with only 0.39 wt% P-loading, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value increased from 25.5% to 33.5% accompanied by the V-0 rating in the UL-94 test; besides, the heat release and smoke release behaviors were also inhibited. Additionally, the tensile and impact strengths of the same epoxy sample increased by 11 MPa and 64% relative to pure epoxy resin. Moreover, compared with sample AF/EP, the incorporation of EHP improved both the burning behavior and mechanical properties of the composite, reflecting as reduced burning intensity, increased tensile strength and interlaminar shear strength. The flame-retardant actions, involving flame inhibition and charring and barrier effects, were evaluated quantitatively. Meanwhile, the strengthening and toughening effect benefitted from good compatibility and increased interface bonding.

Graphical abstract: Preparation of a cyclotriphosphazene microsphere bearing a phosphaphenanthrene structure towards fire-safety and mechanical enhancement for epoxy and its aramid fiber composite

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
01 Dec 2023
Accepted
02 Feb 2024
First published
05 Feb 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Mater. Adv., 2024,5, 2860-2871

Preparation of a cyclotriphosphazene microsphere bearing a phosphaphenanthrene structure towards fire-safety and mechanical enhancement for epoxy and its aramid fiber composite

Y. Yang, Q. Zhang, Y. Hao, X. Lan, L. Haurie, D. Zheng and G. Huang, Mater. Adv., 2024, 5, 2860 DOI: 10.1039/D3MA01074K

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