An advanced furoxan-bridged heat-resistant explosive

Abstract

Nowadays, thousands of energetic materials have been synthesized, but only a few compounds meet all the high standards of detonation performance comparable to that of the widely used military explosive RDX, thermal stability comparable to that of the most widely used heat-resistant explosive HNS, and impact sensitivity comparable to that of the traditional explosive TNT. Also, as a goal, a novel and unexpected one-step method for constructing the furoxan-bridged energetic compound 3,4-bis(3,8-dinitropyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazin-4-amino-7-yl)-1,2,5-oxadiazole 2-oxide (OTF) has been achieved under the conventional TFA/100% HNO₃ nitration reaction system from the acetic acid intermediate. In this work, OTF with a high density of 1.90 g cm⁻³, the highest decomposition temperature of 310 °C (onset) among furoxan-based high explosives to date, superior detonation velocity (D_V: 9109 m s⁻¹), and low sensitivity (IS: 25 J) is reported. This work is a giant step forward in the development of advanced high-energy heat-resistant explosives and could improve future possibilities for the design of furoxan-based energetic materials.