Construction of fully π-conjugated, diyne-linked conjugated microporous polymers based on tetraphenylethene and dibenzo[g,p]chrysene units for energy storage

Abstract

In recent years, the quest for efficient and durable electrode materials for supercapacitors has driven the development of novel conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs). This study presents the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of two novel π-conjugated diyne-linked CMPs, TPE-Diyne CMP and TBN-Diyne CMP, designed as electrode materials for supercapacitors. These Diyne-CMPs were synthesized via a palladium-catalyzed alkyne–alkyne coupling reaction in high yields. Spectroscopic analyses, including FTIR and NMR, confirmed the distinct chemical structures of TPE-Diyne and TBN-Diyne CMPs, highlighting the presence of aromatic and alkyne groups essential for their electrochemical properties. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated their remarkable thermal stability up to 800 °C under N₂. Furthermore, nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements revealed high specific surface areas of 428 m² g⁻¹ for the TPE-Diyne CMP and 256 m² g⁻¹ for the TBN-Diyne CMP, with well-defined microporosity. Electrochemical performance tests showed that the TPE-Diyne CMP achieved a specific capacitance of 39 F g⁻¹, a capacitance retention of 98% after 2000 charge-discharge cycles and an energy density of 3.82 Wh kg⁻¹, indicating exceptional stability and energy storage capability. Meanwhile, the TBN-Diyne CMP exhibited a specific capacitance of 32.4 F g⁻¹, a cycling stability of 92% and an energy density of 3 Wh kg⁻¹. These results underscore the significance of TPE-Diyne and TBN-Diyne CMPs as innovative and highly effective electrode materials for next-generation supercapacitors, offering enhanced performance and stability. The findings contribute valuable insights into developing advanced materials for energy storage applications, addressing the growing demand for high-performance supercapacitors in various technological fields.