Issue 16, 2024

High performance inverted planar perovskite solar cells enhanced by heteroatomic functionalized hole transport materials

Abstract

Two organic small molecule hole transport materials, 5-((3,6-bis(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)methylene)-3-ethyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one (shortly named C3-D) and 5,5′-((3,6-bis(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(methaneylylidene))bis(3-ethyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one) (shortly named C3-S), are designed with rhodanine as the functional group and utilized in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). With the functional group, both HTMs exhibit good mobility, matching HOMO/LUMO energy levels and excellent interactions with ITO and the perovskite layer, enhancing hole extraction, transport, and defect passivation in inverted PSCs. As a result, the device based-on C3-D presents a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.50% with JSC = 24.49 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.072 V, and FF = 81.9%, while the device based-on C3-S shows a PCE of 19.24% with JSC = 23.11 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.065 V, and FF = 78.2%. Additionally, the C3-D-based device also demonstrates superior stability compared to C3-S, retaining over 85% of the initial value after being kept for 500 h at room temperature in ambient air at 35% relative humidity, and over 60% of the initial value after being kept for 500 h at 85 °C in a N2 glovebox, respectively. These results far surpass the performance of devices based-on a non-functional HTM, TT-3,6-TPA, as reported in the literature (a PCE of 0.7% with JSC = 2.90 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.95 V, and FF = 27.0%). Therefore, these findings indicate that combining hetero-atomic functionalized groups with typical hole transport fragments could be a promising research avenue for enhancing the performance of inverted planar PSCs and facilitating the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.

Graphical abstract: High performance inverted planar perovskite solar cells enhanced by heteroatomic functionalized hole transport materials

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Research Article
Submitted
21 May 2024
Accepted
14 Jun 2024
First published
17 Jun 2024

Mater. Chem. Front., 2024,8, 2764-2774

High performance inverted planar perovskite solar cells enhanced by heteroatomic functionalized hole transport materials

Z. Xie, Y. Li, X. Li, Y. Fang, J. Chang, Q. Yang, X. Sun, C. Miao, G. Lu, Z. Chen, G. Li, Y. Jin, Z. Wang and X. Li, Mater. Chem. Front., 2024, 8, 2764 DOI: 10.1039/D4QM00417E

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