Radiation polymerization for the preparation of universal coatings: remarkable anti-fogging and frost-resisting performance

Abstract

Hydrophilic anti-fogging coatings have attracted considerable attention due to their ease of preparation and excellent fog resistance. In this study, a hydrophilic anti-fogging coating based on the random copolymer p(AA-co-SAS) was prepared using acrylic acid (AA) and sodium allylsulfonate (SAS) as monomers through radiation polymerization. The introduction of SAS successfully transformed the random copolymer from a gel state into a film-forming polymer solution. The presence of AA structural units in p(AA-co-SAS) improved the film-forming properties of the polymer solution. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the proportion of SAS structural units in the random copolymer and the scratch hardness and wetting properties of the coating. After coating polycarbonate (PC) sheets, the surface hydrophilicity was significantly enhanced, with the contact angle of PC-AA₁₀/SAS₅ decreasing from 100.1° to 18.8° within 50 seconds. The outstanding wetting properties endowed the coating with exceptional anti-fogging and frost-resisting performance. It exhibited optimal transparency under both testing conditions and demonstrated good stability during cyclic testing. Tape adhesion tests indicated that the adhesion between the coating and PC reached a 5B level. When AA₁₀/SAS₅ was applied to PET film, glass, and PMMA goggles, all samples showed excellent anti-fog performance. Even after being naturally placed for one year under ambient conditions, the PMMA goggles still maintained good performance in the anti-fog and frost resistance tests. The remarkable comprehensive properties of the polymer coating based on p(AA-co-SAS) suggest enormous potential applications in industries such as packaging, healthcare, and optical equipment.