In situ fabrication of Fe3C nanoparticles and porous-carbon composites as high-performance electromagnetic wave absorber

Abstract

This study successfully utilized a straightforward approach, choosing liquid–liquid phase separation to build a porous structure and synthesize composite absorbers based on polyimide-based porous carbon/Fe₃C (PIC/Fe₃C-1, PIC/Fe₃C-2) nanoparticles and porous carbon/FeCo alloy nanoparticles (PIC/FeCo). The specially designed network structure pore structures contributed multiple reflection, conduction loss and strong interfacial polarization. After characterization, PIC/Fe₃C-2 obtained minimum RL of −35.37 dB at 17.04 GHz with 1.55 mm thickness and effective absorption bandwidth of 4.95 GHz with 1.66 mm thickness. Furthermore, PIC/FeCo, with a thickness of 1.63 mm, exhibits the most robust electromagnetic wave loss ability at 15.6 GHz, with a minimum RL of −56.32 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.88 GHz. Thus, the design strategy presented in this study could serve as a model for synthesizing other high-performance absorbers, effectively mitigating electromagnetic wave-induced pollution.