Targeting EGFR/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in lung and colon cancers: synthesis, antitumor evaluation of new 1,2,4-oxdiazoles tethered 1,2,3-triazoles

Abstract

The EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is important for metastasis, medication resistance, apoptosis prevention, and malignant transformation. Mutations in lung and colon cancer typically change this pathway's expression. As a result, a novel class of 1,2,4-oxdiazoles that are attached to 1,2,3-triazoles, 5–11, were created as possible anticancer drugs. The produced compounds are all examined by spectroscopic and micro-analytical techniques. MTT assay results on lung (A549) colon (Caco-2) and normal lung fibroblast (WI38) revealed that compounds 6a, 6b, 8a, and 11b demonstrated strong and selective antiproliferative activities against lung (A549) and colon (Caco-2) cancer cell lines while the remaining derivatives showed moderate to low activity. qPCR data revealed that the potential hits had large fold changes in the downregulation of EGFR, mTOR, and PI3K; they upregulate the amount of p53 to support their mode of action even more. Interestingly, docking investigations validated the biological outcomes by demonstrating a strong affinity of our compounds against EGFR active regions. Computational predictions of all the synthesized compounds' pharmacokinetic profiles, physicochemical characteristics, and drug-likeness data indicated that the promising hits might be taken into consideration as drug-like prospects.