Crystalline engineering of FAPbI3 via pyrrolidinium ionic liquid for stable perovskite solar cells with 21.72% efficiency

Anjan Kumar; Mandeep Kaur; M. Atif; Jatinder Kaur; Ramneet Kaur; Mohammed A. El-Meligy; Parminder Singh; Merwa Alhadrawi

doi:10.1039/D4RA05864J

Crystalline engineering of FAPbI₃via pyrrolidinium ionic liquid for stable perovskite solar cells with 21.72% efficiency

Anjan Kumar,

^a Mandeep Kaur,^bc M. Atif,^d Jatinder Kaur,^e Ramneet Kaur,^fg Mohammed A. El-Meligy,^hi Parminder Singh^j and Merwa Alhadrawi

*^kl

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GLA University, Mathura-281406, India

^b Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka-560069, India

^c Department of Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan-303012, India

^d Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

^e Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Division of Research & Innovation, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Jhanjeri, Mohali-140307, Punjab, India

^f Department of Electronics and Communication and Electrical Engineering, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, India

^g Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand-831001, India

^h Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan

ⁱ Jadara University Research Center, Jadara University, PO Box 733, Irbid, Jordan

^j Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India

^k Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
E-mail: Merwa.Alhadrawi7211@outlook.com

^l Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq

Abstract

Improving the crystallinity of formamidinium triiodide (FAPbI₃) perovskite layer is one of the most effective approaches to increase the photovoltaic performance and stability of FAPbI₃-based solar cells (FSCs). In the current study, FAPbI₃ layers were fabricated through a sequential deposition method. The morphology and crystalline properties of the FAPbI₃ layers were modified by controlling the lead iodide (PbI₂) precursor by adding pyrrolidinium (Pyr) material into the PbI₂ layer and modulating the FAPbI₃ crystallization. The Pyr contributed to obtain (001)-preferred FAPbI₃ orientation with no yellow photo-inactive phase. Subsequently, it reduced the unreacted PbI₂ phase in the perovskite layer and suppressed the defect density, resulting in extended carrier lifetimes and improved ambient air and illumination stabilities. The Pyr-mediated FSCs recorded a champion efficiency of 21.72%, which is higher than that of control FSCs with a maximum efficiency of 19.08%. The developed Pyr-mediated method offers a practical and effective approach to fabricate stable and efficient FSCs.

Article information

https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA05864J

Article type

Paper

Submitted

12 Aug 2024

Accepted

15 Oct 2024

First published

25 Oct 2024

This article is Open Access

Download Citation

RSC Adv., 2024,14, 34027-34036

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Crystalline engineering of FAPbI₃ via pyrrolidinium ionic liquid for stable perovskite solar cells with 21.72% efficiency

A. Kumar, M. Kaur, M. Atif, J. Kaur, R. Kaur, M. A. El-Meligy, P. Singh and M. Alhadrawi, RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 34027 DOI: 10.1039/D4RA05864J

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