Flexible laser-induced graphene-based electrodes modified with cobalt-manganese hexacyanoferrate as cathode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

Abstract

The rapid progress in wearable electronics highlights the crucial need for advanced flexible energy storage solutions. This study presents a synergistic combination of laser-assisted polymer carbonization and ion deposition techniques to fabricate flexible electrode materials with outstanding electrochemical activity for energy storage applications. Flexible graphene-based electrodes fabricated through laser-assisted synthesis were modified with CoMnHCF nanocrystals using aqueous solutions of appropriate salts by a simple and environmentally friendly SILAR (Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction) method. The CoMnHCF/laser-induced metal-polymer composite (LIMPc) electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance in an aqueous Na₂SO₄ electrolyte, achieving a high specific capacitance of 224.5 mF cm⁻² (at 0.5 mF cm⁻²). Furthermore, CoMnHCF/LIMPc showed remarkable rate capability and maintained long-term cycling stability after 10 000 cycles. A flexible asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled based on CoMnHCF/LIMPc as the cathode and LIMPс as the anode. This technique's versatility holds potential for fabricating other electrode materials with tailored compositions for diverse applications across multiple scientific and technological domains.