Innovative Biosensing Smart Masks: Unveiling the Future of Respiratory Monitoring

Abstract

Real-time monitoring of respiratory health is increasingly critical, particularly in addressing global health challenges such as Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Smart masks equipped with biosensing mechanisms represent a novel approach to real-time monitoring of respiratory parameters and biomarkers. This review explores the principal biosensing technologies utilized in smart masks, including electrochemical, optical, and bioaffinity recognition sensors, highlighting their respective strengths and limitations. Integrating these biosensors into smart masks necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of critical factors such as sensitivity, selectivity, response time, and stability. Furthermore, the review presents the practical applications of biosensor-equipped smart masks. It provides an in-depth discussion of their design challenges, recent technological advancements, and prospects in healthcare and beyond.