Reconfigurable double-sided smart textile circuit with liquid metal

Abstract

Smart textiles have emerged as a promising alternative to printed circuit boards (PCBs) for electronics that are flexible, lightweight, and stretchable. However, many existing solutions fall short of providing sufficient electrical properties or are limited to single-sided circuit designs, significantly reducing their utility. In this study, we present a smart textile based on liquid metal and silver flakes that allows for double-sided circuit configurations without the need for via holes, offering advantages beyond conventional PCB technologies. This approach allows users to insulate or connect top and bottom circuits as needed, even when the circuits overlap or intersect. The inherent properties of liquid metal facilitate pressure-induced sintering, working in synergy with textiles to provide users with the ability to dynamically alter circuits. This unique feature enables real-time customization, allowing for the addition, removal, or replacement of circuits through straightforward cutting and stitching processes. Demonstrating these characteristics, we showcase diverse applications, including a wristband with a replaceable LED indicator circuit, a reversible teddy bear cloth with two distinct functions, and a customizable DIY heating glove. This double-sided textile circuit that is patterned with pressure-controlled drawing offers new possibilities for multifunctional wearable electronics, bridging the gap between traditional PCBs and flexible smart textiles.