Enhancement of perovskite solar cell performance in ambient air through NH4Br incorporation: improved film quality and open-circuit voltage for nanorod-based devices

Abstract

Controlling the reaction rates between precursors and doping agents are effective strategies for state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells (PSCs). For our research, ammonium bromide (NH₄Br) was incorporated into the methylammonium iodide (MAI) precursor solution through a conventional two-step spin-coating technique, which result in a notable improvement in the performance of nanorod-based PSCs. Our findings indicate that adding NH₄Br results in a perovskite film free of PbI₂ residue, with an average grain size surpassing 1 μm. This effect is likely attributed to NH₄⁺, which regulates the reaction dynamics between MAI and PbI₂. Furthermore, during the crystallization process, Br⁻ partially replaces I⁻ in the MAPbI₃ lattice, causing lattice contraction that enhances the open-circuit voltage. Photovoltaic testing revealed that as the concentration of NH₄Br increased, the cell efficiency initially improved, reaching a peak before declining. Significantly, when the NH₄Br concentration reached 12 mg/ml, the device attained a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.07%, marking an impressive 26.8% enhancement compared to devices without NH₄Br.

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Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
11 Feb 2025
Accepted
02 Apr 2025
First published
03 Apr 2025

New J. Chem., 2025, Accepted Manuscript

Enhancement of perovskite solar cell performance in ambient air through NH4Br incorporation: improved film quality and open-circuit voltage for nanorod-based devices

J. Yang, C. Wang, X. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Yang, M. Wei, F. Lin, W. Zhang, W. Fu and H. Yang, New J. Chem., 2025, Accepted Manuscript , DOI: 10.1039/D5NJ00589B

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