Recent developments in alkene oxo-functionalization reactions governed by photoredox methods

Abstract

Alkene oxo-functionalization reactions have emerged as a powerful tool in modern synthetic organic chemistry, enabling the sequential formation of carbonyl (CO) and various C–R bonds (R = alkyl, aryl, oxygen-, sulfur-, nitrogen- or phosphorus-compounds). Recent advances in photoredox catalysis have propelled the development of these transformations by enabling the use of mild, selective, and sustainable reaction conditions. This review provides an analysis of recent methods for alkene oxo-functionalization under photoredox conditions, with a focus on the synthesis of multifunctionalized products through single and tandem processes. Mechanistic insights into radical generation, photoexcitation pathways and oxygen sources are discussed to highlight the unique role of photoredox catalysis in these transformations. Additionally, we examine the substrate scope, functional group tolerance, and potential applications of these reactions in complex molecule synthesis and drug development. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives in the field are discussed, emphasizing how innovative photoredox approaches continue to expand new opportunities for the selective construction of CO and C–R bonds in organic synthesis.