Cerium oxide-based electrolytes for low and intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells: state of the art, challenges and future prospective

Abstract

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are important, efficient, and environmentally friendly energy conversion devices that also serve as solid oxide electrolysers, producing hydrogen and oxygen by reversing chemical reactions. Research and development on electrode and electrolyte materials is still very much needed for their efficient working in the low (≤650℃) and intermediate (650-850℃) temperature regimes. The present article reviews undoped and doped ceria-based electrolytes in light of processing parameters like synthesis methods, sintering time and temperature and different doping strategies. The article focuses primarily on the various factors that affect the conductivity of the ceria-based electrolytes. Different approaches to enhance the conductivity and improve the cell parameters have also been discussed. Conclusion, challenges and direction for further research are also provided as a prospect at the end of this article.