Micromagnetic dynamics in field-free magnetization switching assisted by interlayer Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction

Abstract

The capability to control perpendicular magnetization switching without the need for an external magnetic field is essential in the development of ultralow-power spintronic devices. This study explores the nuanced control of magnetization free switching in Co/Pt/Co based multilayers, employing the interlayer Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) and spin–orbit torque. When a current pulse is applied orthogonal to the interlayer DMI's polarity, the system behaves as a random final magnetization orientation that depends on the initial state and the pulse width. However, when the current pulse is aligned with the interlayer DMI's polarity, it ensures a uniformly predictable final magnetization state, unaffected by whether the multilayer structure exhibits ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic coupling. The resolution of the final magnetization state is notably dictated by both the pulse width and damping factor of the Co layer, presenting avenues for device optimization. These findings offer valuable insights into the mechanisms behind field-free deterministic magnetization switching driven by interlayer DMI, suggesting promising pathways for the design of sophisticated magnetic storage solutions.