Scale and morphology design of metal-based catalysts for enhanced Li-CO2 battery performance

Abstract

Li-CO2 battery (LCB) have garnered significant attention due to their impressive high-energy densities and unique carbon storage capability. However, the sluggish transformation kinetic of CO2 induced in high overpotential and poor cycle life greatly impede the practical application of LCB. The imperative task for the development of advanced LCB is to design a bidirectional catalyst with remarkable catalytic activity, selectivity and exceptional electrochemical stability. In this review, the charge and discharge reaction mechanisms of LCB are systematically presented, and various reaction pathways may occur based on the specific reaction conditions. Then the scale and morphology regulation strategies of the metal-based catalysts are highlighted, which include its effect on electronic states, coordination environments, adsorption strengths. The recent progress of promising catalysis with different nanostructure is systematically addressed. Finally, the critical challenges and perspectives for scale and morphology design of metal-based catalyst in LCB are proposed. Li-CO2 battery (LCB) have garnered significant attention due to their impressive high-energy densities and unique carbon storage capability. However, the sluggish transformation kinetic of CO2 induced in high overpotential and poor cycle life greatly impede the practical application of LCB. The imperative task for the development of advanced LCB is to design a bidirectional catalyst with remarkable catalytic activity, selectivity and exceptional electrochemical stability. In this review, the charge and discharge reaction mechanisms of LCB are systematically presented, and various reaction pathways may occur based on the specific reaction conditions. Then the scale and morphology regulation strategies of the metal-based catalysts are highlighted, which include its effect on electronic states, coordination environments, adsorption strengths. The recent progress of promising catalysis with different nanostructure is systematically addressed. Finally, the critical challenges and perspectives for scale and morphology design of metal-based catalyst in LCB are proposed.