Issue 4, 2025

Multi-scale carbon@Sb mesoporous composites activated by in situ localized electrochemical pulverization as high-rate and long-life anode materials for potassium-ion batteries

Abstract

Hard carbon and antimony (Sb) are two promising anode candidates for future potassium-ion batteries. Herein, we successfully solve the low-capacity problem of highly conductive carbon and poor cycling stability of high-capacity Sb through uniformly dispersing and embedding sub-nano and nanoscale Sb particles (∼36.4 wt%) inside nitrogen-doped two-dimensional hard carbon nanosheets to form a multi-scale carbon@Sb mesoporous composite, denoted as Sb3@HCNS. The electrochemical results show that the optimized Sb3@HCNS anode exhibits an exceptional potassium-ion storage performance, delivering a reversible capacity of 580.8, 413.0, and 215.5 mA h g−1 at the current density of 0.1, 1, and 4 A g−1, respectively. Furthermore, it still maintains a high capacity of 382 mA h g−1 at a high current density of 2 A g−1 after 1000 cycles. The characterization results further manifest that the in situ localized electrochemical pulverization activation of Sb during the (de)alloying process and the pseudo-capacitive effect of good electronic conductive hard carbon nanosheets are mainly responsible for the exceptional properties of Sb3@HCNS. Together with its controllable preparation strategy, the newly-developed Sb3@HCNS composite is expected to be a promising anode material for high-performance potassium-ion batteries.

Graphical abstract: Multi-scale carbon@Sb mesoporous composites activated by in situ localized electrochemical pulverization as high-rate and long-life anode materials for potassium-ion batteries

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Communication
Submitted
01 Dec 2024
Accepted
24 Jan 2025
First published
31 Jan 2025

Nanoscale Horiz., 2025,10, 770-779

Multi-scale carbon@Sb mesoporous composites activated by in situ localized electrochemical pulverization as high-rate and long-life anode materials for potassium-ion batteries

J. Ren, X. Wang, J. Li, Q. Sun, S. Li, L. Bai, X. Liu, G. Liu, Z. Li, H. Zhang and Z. Huang, Nanoscale Horiz., 2025, 10, 770 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00621F

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