3D-hierarchical SnS2 micro/nano-structures: controlled synthesis, formation mechanism and lithium ion storage performances

Abstract

Three kinds of 3D-hierarchical SnS₂ micro/nano-structures were successfully synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method by controlling the ratio of SnCl₄ and L-cysteine. It was found that these obtained 3D-hierarchical SnS₂ structures had great differences in their chemical composition, crystalline property, building blocks, assembling format and porous structure. The formation processes of the hierarchical structures were studied well and the possible mechanisms were also proposed. The lithium storage properties of these 3D-hierarchical SnS₂ structures were carefully studied by charge-discharge test and cyclic voltammetry method. The results indicated that the crystalline properties of the electrode materials could influence the initial electrochemical reactivity and the small size of building blocks could greatly improve the reversibility of electrochemical reaction and rate performances. Furthermore, the large surface area, porous structure and free space derived from the 3D hierarchical structures were beneficial to the long-term cycling stability of electrode materials.