Temperature dependence of anomalous protonic and superprotonic transport properties in mixed salts based on CsH2PO4

Abstract

We present an experimental study and a theoretical interpretation of the temperature dependence of the transport properties of doped CsH₂PO₄ salts in both protonic and superprotonic phases. Cesium phosphate based solid electrolytes are technologically relevant because their operational temperature range is about 100 to 300 °C in which a superprotonic transition may manifest depending on its mixed composition. The experimental study was carried out using impedance spectroscopy at the temperature range of 150–230 °C, and the protonic and superprotonic transport properties and proton concentrations were calculated and analyzed by using the electrode polarization, and the Debye and Cole–Cole models for the dielectric constant. We have shown that the transport properties predicted by the Cole–Cole model are consistent with the conductivity measurements whereas the Debye model shows some inconsistencies. We attribute this to the fact that the Cole–Cole model incorporates the effects of interactions among charge carriers better than the more commonly used Debye model. In this way, our work shows a more consistent approach to determine the transport properties of solid electrolytes and, therefore, provides a more reliable tool to analyze the transport properties of heterogeneous solid electrolytes that can be used in electrochemical devices, including fuel cells and supercapacitors.