Cu nanowire-catalyzed electrochemical reduction of CO or CO2

Abstract

We prepared micrometer long Cu nanowires (NWs) of 25 and 50 nm diameters and studied their electrocatalysis for electrochemical reduction of CO/CO₂ in 0.1 M KHCO₃ at room temperature. The 50 nm NWs showed better selectivity than the 25 nm NWs, and catalyzed CO reduction to C₂-hydrocarbons (C₂H₄ + C₂H₆) with a combined faradaic efficiency (FE) of 60% (C₂H₄ FE of 35% and mass activity of 4.25 A g⁻¹ Cu) at −1.1 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode). The NW-catalyzed CO₂ reduction is less efficient due to the extra CO₂ to CO step required for the formation of C₂-hydrocarbons. This experimental evidence combined with DFT calculations suggests that CO is an important intermediate and NWs provide a large Cu(100) surface for *CO hydrogenation (to *CHO) and *CO–*CHO coupling, leading to more selective reduction of CO than CO₂ towards C₂-hydrocarbons.