Chemoenzymatic, biomimetic total synthesis of (−)-rugulosin B, C and rugulin analogues and their biosynthetic implications

Abstract

Herein, we report the chemoenzymatic synthesis of a heterodimeric (−)-rugulosin B, homodimeric (−)-rugulosin C, and several rugulin analogues in three to four steps starting from anthraquinones. This work supports dimerization between variously substituted putative monomeric intermediates during the biosynthesis of naturally occurring (+)-rugulosin B and C.