Inkjet printing for scalable and patterned fabrication of halide perovskite-based optoelectronic devices

Abstract

The emergence of halide perovskites (HPs) has attracted significant research interest due to their fascinating optoelectronic properties, such as superior absorption coefficient, tunable emission, and high color purity. With the laboratory scale perovskite solar cell or display efficiency rapidly approaching the commercial application level, there is an urgent need for scalable and patterned fabrication suitable for future commercialization. Inkjet printing (IJP), a maskless, noncontact, and material-effective technique, is the most promising candidate, and remarkable results have been achieved although IJP has only been recently employed in the fabrication of perovskite optoelectronic devices. Herein, we discuss different IJP techniques and analyze the four factors required to achieve stable printing, high resolution and good morphology of perovskites: ink design, droplet formation, evaporation, and nucleation/crystallization control. Then we summarize the recent progress in printed perovskite optoelectronic devices, including solar cells, light emitting diodes, and visible/X-ray photodetectors. Finally, a brief summary and an outlook on device performance improvement, industrial-scale fabrication, and broader application are presented as future research efforts.