An artificial metallolyase with pliable 2-His-1-carboxylate facial triad for stereoselective Michael addition

Abstract

We repurposed the metal-binding site of a cupin superfamily protein into the 2-His-1-carboxylate facial triad, which is one of the common motifs in natural non-heme enzymes, to construct artificial metalloenzymes that can catalyze new-to-nature reactions. The Cu²⁺-H52A/H58E variant catalyzed the stereoselective Michael addition reaction and was found to bear a flexible metal-binding site in the high-resolution crystal structure. Furthermore, the H52A/H58E/F104W mutant accommodated a water molecule, which was supported by Glu58 and Trp104 residues via hydrogen bonding, presumably leading to high stereoselectivity. Thus, the 2-His-1-carboxylate facial triad was confirmed to be a versatile and promising metal-binding motif for abiological and canonical biological reactions.