Rational design of NiMoO4/carbon nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitors: an in situ carbon incorporation approach

Abstract

Understanding the impact of different compositions of nanocomposites synthesized via in situ incorporation of different ratios of carbon with metal oxides is an important factor for designing efficient electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors. Here, a series of nanomaterials, NiMoO4, carbonaceous nanospheres (CNSs), and NiMoO4/C nanocomposites (NiMoO4/C (Dx), where, x = 10, 25, 50, and 75 represents the molar ratio of dextrose (D) to Ni2+), have been synthesized via an in situ hydrothermal method. The structural and surface analysis revealed the efficient integration of NiMoO4 and carbon in the NiMoO4/C (D50) nanocomposite, consisting of 71.1% NiMoO4 and 28.9% carbon components. The nanocomposite features a graphitic carbon sheet-like structure embedded with NiMoO4 nanorods, showing increased defects with higher carbon content and enhanced surface area with larger mesoporosity. In three-electrode supercapacitor studies for these electrode materials using 3 M KOH as the electrolyte, the NiMoO4/C (D50)-based electrode delivered superior specific capacitance (940 F g−1) at a current density of 1 A g−1 compared to bare NiMoO4 (520 F g−1), CNS (75 F g−1) and NiMoO4/C (D10, D25 and D75) nanocomposites (436–583 F g−1), with 71% capacity retention up to 5000 cycles. Furthermore, for the fabricated NiMoO4/C (D50)-based two-electrode supercapacitors at 1 A g−1 using 3 M KOH, the symmetric configuration delivered a doubled specific capacitance (83 F g−1), while the asymmetric configuration led to a doubled performance in both energy density (14.2 W h kg−1) and power density (444 W kg−1), in comparison to each other. The enhanced supercapacitor performance of NiMoO4/C (D50) can be attributed to the synergistic effect between carbon and NiMoO4 in the optimized nanocomposites, which improves the electrolyte-philicity by altering the surface composition and properties, leading to more electroactive sites and increased charge storage capacity. Thus, designing new electrode materials via in situ hydrothermal synthesis of different metal oxide/C nanocomposites with optimal composition and choosing different carbon source materials will deliver high-performance supercapacitors in the near future.

Graphical abstract: Rational design of NiMoO4/carbon nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitors: an in situ carbon incorporation approach

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
02 Jūl. 2024
Accepted
07 Nov. 2024
First published
08 Nov. 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Energy Adv., 2025, Advance Article

Rational design of NiMoO4/carbon nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitors: an in situ carbon incorporation approach

R. Yuvaraja, S. Sarathkumar, V. Gowsalya, S. P. Anitha Juliet, S. Veeralakshmi, S. Kalaiselvam, G. H. Gunasekar and S. Nehru, Energy Adv., 2025, Advance Article , DOI: 10.1039/D4YA00438H

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