Raman spectroscopy of stored red blood cell concentrate within sealed transfusion blood bags

Abstract

The standard practice in blood banks worldwide involves storage of red blood cells (RBCs) in plastic bags until they are needed for transfusion. During storage, the cells gradually degrade in functionality, a condition described as RBC storage lesion. Standard analytical techniques cannot assess the blood quality without breaching the sterility of the transfusion bag. In this study, we employed a commercially available spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) system using a custom designed protocol to non-invasively explore the biochemical changes in RBC concentrate of healthy donors over a storage period of approximately 42 days in standard transfusion bags, under standard storage conditions. The results reveal an increase in the oxygenation state of haemoglobin over the storage period for all donors, but different profiles for each donor. This study demonstrates the feasibility of acquiring consistent biochemical information relevant to the quality of stored blood, in situ through sealed blood transfusion bags using a commercially available instrument.