Issue 10, 2021

Ruddlesden Popper 2D perovskites as Li-ion battery electrodes

Abstract

Hybrid metal halide perovskites, typically known for their photovoltaic applications, have recently gained traction as a potential energy-storage material due to their promising gravimetric capacities as lithium-ion battery electrode materials. Here we investigate the effect of tuning the layering properties of the quasi two-dimensional Ruddlesden Popper (RP) layered perovskite series (BA)2(MA)n−1PbnX3n+1 (BA – butylammonium, MA – methylammonium, X – halide (I and Br)) from n = 1 to n = 4 and the equivalent bulk crystal structure MAPbX3. The interaction between the insertion of lithium ions and the layering arrangement of the perovskite structure are studied electrochemically and compared to a reported three-stage energy storage mechanism in bulk perovskites. The layering structure that optimises both capacity and stability is determined to be n = 4, providing a compromise between the number of active layers and the lithium ion access between them provided by the BA organic chain, thus demonstrating initial and stabilised gravimetric capacities of 575.5 mA h g−1 and 89.9 mA h g−1 respectively. The effect of changing the halide within the perovskite structure is investigated and demonstrates a greater gravimetric capacity for the lighter bromide species compared to the commonly used iodide. Finally, high molarity electrolytes and tailored cut-off potentials are used to improve the stability of the RP layered perovskite electrodes.

Graphical abstract: Ruddlesden Popper 2D perovskites as Li-ion battery electrodes

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
09 jan 2021
Accepted
28 mrt 2021
First published
07 apr 2021
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Mater. Adv., 2021,2, 3370-3377

Ruddlesden Popper 2D perovskites as Li-ion battery electrodes

A. Mathieson, M. Rahil, Y. Zhang, W. M. Dose, J. T. Lee, F. Deschler, S. Ahmad and M. De Volder, Mater. Adv., 2021, 2, 3370 DOI: 10.1039/D1MA00020A

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