Chemistry and properties of fluorescent pyrazole derivatives: an approach to bioimaging applications

Abstract

Fluorescent bioimaging is a crucial technique for in vivo studies in real cell samples, providing vital information about the metabolism of ions or molecules of biological and pharmaceutical significance. This technique typically uses probes based on organic small-molecule fluorophores, with N-heteroaromatic scaffolds playing an essential role due to their exceptional electronic properties and biocompatibility. Among these, pyrazole derivatives stand out as particularly promising due to their high synthetic versatility and structural diversity. This review highlights prominent examples from the period 2020–2024, focusing on the chemistry, properties, and bioimaging applications of fluorescent pyrazole derivatives. By highlighting the latest advancements in this field, this manuscript aims to inspire and motivate researchers, emphasizing the potential impact of this work on the future of bioimaging.