Green hydrogen production for sustainable development: a critical examination of barriers and strategic opportunities

Abstract

As the world endeavors to meet ambitious climate targets and mitigate carbon emissions, green hydrogen stands out as a versatile and scalable solution offering a viable pathway toward sustainable development. Significant advancements in green hydrogen production have been observed in regions demonstrating robust commitments to integrating renewable energy sources, which serve as pioneering models of the feasibility and potential of integrating green hydrogen into existing energy ecosystems. This paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the technical challenges hindering the widespread adoption of green hydrogen production, while highlighting the abundant opportunities associated with this transformative technology. The study aims to scrutinize the underlying technologies, methodologies, and structural complexities associated with green hydrogen production to uncover latent opportunities for achieving global decarbonization goals, particularly aligned with the objectives of the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).