Magnetization reversal and magnetic interactions in anisotropic Nd–Dy–Fe–Co–B/MgO/α-Fe disks and multilayers

Abstract

We report on a field induced domain evolutionary procedure in the anisotropic Nd–Dy–Fe–Co–B/MgO/Fe multilayers by using first-order-reversal-curves and magnetic force microscopy. Different reversal behaviors and domain sizes are found in well coupled and decoupled multilayers by changing the thickness of the spacer layer. The competition between dipolar magnetostatic energy and Zeeman energy is evaluated by in-field observation throughout nucleation and annihilation processes. In addition, lithography-patterned arrays of soft Fe disks onto a continuous Nd–Dy–Fe–Co–B hard-magnetic layer are designed. By decreasing the applied field, it is found that magnetization orientations of the Fe disk and Nd–Dy–Fe–Co–B layer are aligned parallel. In the decoupled disk, although the out-of-plane magnetization orientations are observed, the orientation of the domains in the Fe disk is random. Furthermore, it is found that a stronger anisotropy of the Nd–Dy–Fe–Co–B layer decreases the interaction length. Our results provide a new understanding of anisotropic nanocomposite magnets with long-ranged magnetic interactions.