ESIPT-based fluorescence probe for the rapid detection of hypochlorite (HOCl/ClO−)

Abstract

ESIPT-based fluorescence probes are emerging as an attractive tool for the detection of biologically relevant analytes owing to their unique photophysical properties. In this work, we have developed an ESIPT-based fluorescence probe (TCBT-OMe) for the detection of HClO/ClO⁻ through the attachment of a bioorthogonal dimethylthiocarbamate linker. TCBT-OMe was shown to rapidly detect HClO/ClO⁻ (<10 s) at biologically relevant concentrations (LoD = 0.16 nM) and have an excellent selectivity towards others ROS/RNS and amino acids. Therefore, TCBT-OMe was tested in live cells and was successfully shown to be able to detect endogenous and exogenous HClO/ClO⁻ in HeLa cells. Additionally, TCBT-OMe acts as a dual input logic gate for Hg²⁺ and H₂O₂. Interestingly, Hg²⁺ alone gradually causes a fluorescence response but requires >30 min to produce a fluorescence response. Test strips containing TCBT-OMe were prepared and were demonstrated as an effective way to detect HClO/ClO⁻ in water. Furthermore, TCBT-OMe was shown to detect exogenously added HClO/ClO⁻ in three different water samples with little interference thus demonstrating the effectiveness as a method for the detection of HClO/ClO⁻ in drinking water samples.