Co3O4 nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon fibers as a free-standing electrode for promotion of lithium ion storage with capacitive contribution

Abstract

Here, we wrap Co₃O₄ nanoparticles with nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon nanofibers (Co₃O₄@NGFs) as a self-standing electrode for lithium-ion batteries. In this structure, graphitic carbon acts as a composite framework that enhances conductivity, accommodates volume expansion and increases contact with the electrolyte. Meanwhile, the porosity of Co₃O₄@NGFs not only facilitates rapid electron transfer, but also exposes more active sites for lithium storage.