Material-independent film formation and autonomous degradation of Cu2+-tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone metal–organic complexes

Abstract

Metal–organic complexes (MOCs) have extensively been studied as prominent components in interface engineering. Once the designated missions of MOC films are achieved, or while they are still operational, it is preferred that the films undergo degradation on demand in certain circumstances. Current research on MOC-film degradation predominantly relies on chemical treatment, which can alter the states and conditions of specific systems. This work utilizes tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (THBQ), a redox-active organic ligand, for material-independent MOC film formation with Cu²⁺ ions, achieving automatic, self-adaptive degradation of Cu²⁺–THBQ MOC films upon exposure to air. The results provide a versatile platform for facilitating the spatiotemporal control of (bio)chemical actions in MOC-encapsulated systems, as well as advancing drug delivery systems and air-responsive sensors where variations in O₂ levels are critical.