Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki reaction in aqueous solvents applied to unprotected nucleosides and nucleotides

Abstract

Nucleoside analogues have attracted much attention due to their potential biological activities. Amongst all synthetic nucleosides, C5-modified pyrimidines and C2- or C8-modified purines have been particularly studied. A large variety of palladium cross-coupling reactions, with a majority of them based on the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction, have been developed for preparing the desired nucleoside derivatives. Our objective is to focus this review on the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of nucleosides using methodologies compatible with green chemistry and sustainable development for one part and bioorthogonality for the other part, which means using aqueous medium and no protection/deprotection steps.