Strontium stannate nanoparticles decorated on graphitic carbon nitride sheets for the electrochemical detection of 3-nitro-l-tyrosine

Abstract

The environmental consequences of overusing chronic toxic nitro compounds are severe as they result in the discharge of substantial quantities of toxins into the biosphere of organisms. The prompt and precise detection of 3-nitro-L-tyrosine (3-NO₂-tyr), which is a critical tyrosine nitro compound extensively utilized as a medicine and considered carcinogenic and mutagenic, can prevent a range of malignancies. In this work, we used a green natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES) to prepare SrSnO₃@g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites to improve the electrochemical detection of 3-NO₂-tyr. Successful synthesis was validated by thorough structural and morphological characterizations, which aligned with our anticipated results. The SrSnO₃@g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite demonstrated a significant detection limit (LOD) of 0.29 nM in a wide range of 0.001–464.21 μM to determine 3-NO₂-tyr. These results highlight the promise of using nanomaterial-based sensors to improve early disease detection with high sensitivity and deepen our understanding of oxidative processes within cells. Additionally, this work investigated the real-time practicability of 3-NO₂-tyr over the SrSnO₃@g-C₃N₄ electrode to detect spiked different water and fish samples, with good recovery ranges of ±96.00–99.80% achieved. The simple and facile synthesis of SrSnO₃@g-C₃N₄ supports its use as a superior electrode material for detecting trace level 3-NO₂-tyr.