Themed collection Environmental exposure and impacts

Characterizing the degradation behavior of chemicals in the environment is a key component of chemical hazard and risk assessment.

The Galician rías (NW Iberia, Spain) are responsible for most of the national shellfish production. This is the first review of red tides in that area including an historical overview, social challenges and proposals for improving their monitoring.

There is limited data on perfluorinated PFAS, with PFOS and PFOA dominating the research field. Laboratory studies with these two compounds demonstrate potential biodegradation and bioadsorption, but also show negative impacts on the performance of AS and AGS after long-term exposure.

CPs are extensively existed in human samples with increased M/S ratio. Dietary intake is the main source. The reported upper bound of EDIs may be close or exceed TDIs, thus further risk assessments are required.

PFAS are widely used in lithium-ion batteries, which may be problematic for the rapidly growing battery recycling industry.

Pollutant particulate matter and ultrafine particles have been related to the rise of neurodegenerative diseases and other brain disorders. It is necessary to understand their potential health impacts in order to develop strategies to reduce risks.

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) from different agricultural inputs enter the farmland soils and tend to get transferred to humans through meat from grazing animals and plant produce, causing serious health concern.

Global climate change-driven shifts in physical and ecological processes may alter POPs concentrations in Arctic food webs.

Our critical review compares ARG profiles in the atmosphere across different locations and discusses characterization methods, atmospheric transport, and future research questions.

Massive use of disposable masks and mismanagement could raise emerging environmental and bio-safety concerns.

Globally, waterborne gastroenteritis attributable to rotaviruses is on the increase due to the rapid increase in population growth, poor socioeconomic conditions, and drastic changes in climatic conditions.

Mixtures of Pb²⁺ and two mechanistically distinct mitochondrial toxicants, ruthenium red and carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), resulted in greater than additive Pb²⁺-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 (human liver) cells.

Preparation of a novel, simple and cost-effective chemosensor (ANO) to detect lethal phosgene exposed from household bleach.

Private groundwater wells in communities co-located with historically contaminated sites and ongoing industrial activity contain complex mixtures of low-dose organic chemicals.

Exposure to indoor PM_2.5 originating from indoor sources is relevant, and PM_2.5 chemical speciation data is necessary to estimate this exposure. This work proposes a new approach to quantify such exposure.

The study highlights the negative effects of PE MPs on motor functions, oxidative stress, and cellular stress responses in Drosophila, emphasizing the broader ecological risks associated with microplastic pollution.

This study found that PS-M/NPs have a size-dependent cytotoxic effect on the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2, mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, catechins were shown to mitigate these adverse effects.

PAH-hemoglobin adduct levels were associated with cumulative PM_2.5 exposure over the lifespan of red blood cells, demonstrating their utility as biomarkers for longer-term exposure.

Development of a spray generation system and a comparison of methods for evaluating airborne isocyanates associated with polyurethane clear coat emissions, with emphasis on the spatial distribution of isocyanates within sampling devices.

Indoor airborne microbiome contributes to human lung function and can be modified by air purification.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemicals of high concern and are undergoing hazard and risk assessment worldwide.

Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous in the indoor environment, resulting in indoor exposure. Inhalation and ingestion dominate.

The Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) is used to evaluate the bioaccumulation potential of chemical substances in reference organisms, and it directly correlates with ecotoxicity.

EE2, E1, BPA, NP, and E2 were identified as high-risk substances based on comprehensive ecological risk evaluation and fish are the most sensitive organisms.

TCS exhibited the highest concentration across different phases and seasons in QTR, and TCS posed high risks in surface water and low risks in sediment across all sampling sites.

Tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) has significant inhibition effect on microalgae Closterium sp., while the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) can alleviate the ecotoxicity owing to the antagonism between microplastics and TCH.

Media effects and combined toxicity of nTiO₂ and GO on Chlorella sp.

Biological and chemical factors exhibit tissue specificity in OPE accumulation. OsTIL and OsLTPL1 played a dominant role in OPE uptake and accumulation. OPE translocation involved OsMLP mediated-vertical transport in the vascular system.

Novelty: Combined toxicity of environmental pollutants (antidiabetic drug – Metformin Hydrochloride and Polystyrene Nanoplastics) on Artemia salina was investigated for the first time.

The physiological and biochemical behaviors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were modulated using benzalkonium chloride, potentially through the attenuation of the quorum sensing system.

Direct or indirect consumption of pesticides and their related products by humans and other living organisms without safe dosing may pose a health risk.

Tire wear particles and nickel have detrimental effects on plant health by causing blockage and altering nutrient hemotasis, ultimately reducing plant yield.

MOF-74(Co) NPs lower root length, fresh weight and dry weight of pea seedlings. MOF-74(Co) NPs decreased net photosynthetic rate and increased intercellular CO₂ content. Released Co ions induced oxidative stress and damaged photosynthesis system II.

An environmental toxicological assessment of fourteen furanic compounds serving as valuable building blocks produced from biomass was performed.

Diabetes is a global public health problem, and the impact of air pollutants on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has attracted people's attention.

Adverse outcome pathways framework of pesticides.

III–V/silicon tandem solar cells offer a promising avenue for high-efficiency, high-stability photovoltaics with low environmental risk.

In this study, nine PPCPs were widely detected in surface and groundwater. Ciprofloxacin and methylparaben were the most dominant antibiotic and paraben compounds, respectively, with ciprofloxacin posing a high health risk to all population groups.

With the evolving dynamics of the COVID-19 outbreak, this study investigates variations in bioaerosols at various sampling points in the outdoor environment of a campus before, during, and after COVID-19, along with a corresponding risk assessment.

This work presents a case study in applying a systematic review framework (SYRINA) to the identification of chemicals as endocrine disruptors.

Polystyrene microplastics affects the growth kinetics and cell viability of Bacillus tropicus ACS1, a probiotic isolated from tilapia gut. It induced oxidative stress and influenced the EPS production of the bacteria under in vitro conditions.

Using the combination of total analysis and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify fluoropolymers in a broad range of consumer products.

The source of pollution was different from the source of pollution risk, shedding light on the importance of risk-based pollution source control.

We have developed conventional and machine learning-based mixture QSAR models from the toxicity data of the binary mixtures of fluoroquinolones in E. coli.

Diclofenac and polystyrene nanoplastics are toxic to algal cells at higher doses. When combined, they have a surprising hormesis effect on toxicity and show significant synergistic effects in higher-dose combinations.

A computational tool is introduced for simulating long-term internal exposure to chemicals and their metabolites.

Dietary exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is poorly understood.

Model calculations for molecular formulae are feasible, if there is a means of assembling collections of plausible isomers. Such calculations can aid in prioritizing chemical features from non-target analysis.

Adding mass spectra from complex mixtures of chemicals relevant for exposomics to open spectral libraries such as MassBank and chemical databases like PubChem empowers identification efforts for non-target high resolution mass spectrometry workflows.

Various contaminants in indoor air, dust, and pet hair samples. The distribution of pollutants between media was explained by their sources and partitioning processes. In vitro data helped estimate the risks to human health from indoor exposome.

Mixtures extracted from beluga traditional food preparations activated oxidative stress response and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor but did not show any hormone-like effects.

The analysis of mixtures of environmental contaminants from marine mammal organs revealed distinct distribution patterns for single compounds. The combination of chemical analysis and bioassays can comprehensively characterize the mixture exposome.

The use of glycols is seen in various industries and occupations.

This computational work presents a novel similarity-based q-RASAR approach for the development of a global model that can quantitatively and efficiently identify the skin sensitization potential of hazardous chemicals.

This study confirms that the synergistic effects of binary ZnO NPs and TBBPA lead to combined toxicity, while the regulation of HA alleviates oxidative stress and the toxicological response.

Pathways for finding key components of toxicity and interaction intensity of cosmetic contaminants.

This study investigates metal/metalloid concentrations and emission sources in fenceline communities of a heavy industry area using advanced online and offline mass spectrometry techniques.

Disposable surgical face masks extensively used during the COVID-19 outbreak would release microplastics into the aquatic environment and that in combination with TiO₂ nanoparticles may harm the aquatic biota.

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with thyroid hormones (THs) among American adolescents and adults. There are age, sex and smoking status differences, and the iodine status has an influence on PAH–TH associations.

The safety of cyclophosphamide (CP) in the early developmental stages is not studied yet; it is important to study the responses at these stages because it might have relevance to CP-administered humans.

This study explored the occurrence and distribution of 19 common anthelmintic drugs (ADs) in river water and sediment of the Jinjiang River in Sichuan, China, during summer and winter seasons.

Galaxolidone (HHCB-lac) is a major transformation product of the commonly used synthetic musk galaxolide (HHCB) and is ubiquitous in the environment along with the parent compound.

While our awareness of the toxicity of rare earth elements to aquatic organisms increases, our understanding of their direct interaction and accumulation remains limited.

Liposome measurements and coarse-grained simulations are used to assess the cholesterol dependence of membrane-water partitioning for small molecules and the implications for bioaccumulation.

A comprehensive method comparison for the evaluation of airborne methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) with emphasis on how MDI is spatially distributed within sampling devices.

A rapid micro chamber method is used to measure emission model parameters of plasticizers, compared to a traditional chamber method and then applied in an exposure assessment with the DustEx webtool.

Bacteria Brasilonema bromeliae and Aeromonas enteropelogenes and the metabolite pipecolic acid were protectively associated with both allergic and non-allergic rhinitis symptoms. Pipecolic acid was highly co-occurrent with B. bromeliae.

The dietary intake of PAHs with traditional food, estimated with a mechanistic food chain bioaccumulation model, is compared with the exposure arising from ingesting market food and smoking cigarettes.

This work shows that the dustiness index could be a reliable criterion for nanomaterial risk assessment in occupational exposure context and environment safety.

The long-term investigation of soil heavy metal pollution in one industrial area shows that the soil Cu, Pb and Cd pollution is quite serious, and the heavy metal increase is mainly caused by various industrial and mining activities.